BURDOCK BURDOCK HAS BEEN TRADITIONALLY USED IN HERBAL MEDICINE AS A DIURETIC, TO INDUCE SWEATING (DIAPHORETIC), AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO HELP REMOVE ACCUMULATED WASTE PRODUCTS VIA THE KIDNEYS, SKIN AND MUCUS MEMBRANES, AND TO HELP ALLEVIATE THE PAIN ASSOCIATED WITH RHEUMATISM. CALENDULA CALENDULA HAS TRADITIONALLY USED IN HERBAL MEDICINE TO HELP RELIEVE INFLAMMATORY CONDITIONS OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM. FENUGREEK FENUGREEK HAS BEEN TRADITIONALLY USED IN HERBAL MEDICINE TO HELP STIMULATE THE APPETITE, AS A DIGESTIVE TONIC TO AID DIGESTION, TO HELP RELIEVE DYSPEPSIA AND GASTRITS, AS A MILD LAXATIVE, AND AS AN EXPECTORANT TO HELP RELIEVE EXCESS MUCOUS OF THE UPPER RESPIRATORY PASSAGES (ANTI-CATARRHAL). GREEN COFFEE BEAN EXTRACT GREEN COFFEE BEAN EXTRACT IS AN UNROASTED, DRIED, NATURAL COFFEE BEAN. ROASTING COFFEE TRANSFORMS THE CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF GREEN COFFEE BEANS, TURNING THEM INTO COMMON COFFEE PRODUCTS. THE ROASTING PROCESS PRODUCES THE CHARACTERISTIC FLAVOUR OF COFFEE AS THE GREEN COFFEE BEANS CHANGE IN COLOR, TASTE, SMELL AND DENSITY. ROASTING ALSO MAKES THE COFFEE BEAN MORE UNSTABLE. AS A RESULT, IT CAN BECOME RANCID EASILY. UNROASTED GREEN COFFEE BEAN EXTRACT IS A NEW INGREDIENT ON THE MARKET. IT HAS STRONG ANTI-OXIDANT PROPERTIES, SIMILAR TO OTHER NATURAL ANTI-OXIDANTS LIKE GREEN TEA AND GRAPE SEED EXTRACT. GREEN TEA GREEN TEA EXTRACT CONTAINS NUMEROUS COMPOUNDS, INCLUDING POLYPHENOLS AND CATECHINS, THAT PROVIDE POTENT ANTIOXIDANT BENEFITS. ONE CATECHIN IN PARTICULAR, EGCG, HAS DEMONSTRATED EXTRAORDINARY FREE RADICAL QUENCHING POWER IN LABORATORY STUDIES. IN NON-CLINICAL STUDIES, EGCG HAS ALSO BEEN SHOWN TO BE PROTECTIVE AGAINST CHEMICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSAULT ON TISSUES AND HELPS TO SUPPORT HEALTHY CELL CYCLE REGULATION. GREEN TEA IS TO BE USED WITH A PROGRAM OF REDUCED INTAKE OF DIETARY CALORIES AND INCREASED PHYSICAL ACTIVITY (IF POSSIBLE) TO HELP IN WEIGHT MANAGEMENT. DURATION OF USE: CONSULT A HEALTH CARE PRACTITIONER FOR USE BEYOND 12 WEEKS. CAUTIONS AND WARNINGS: CONSULT A HEALTH CARE PRACTITIONER PRIOR TO USE IF YOU HAVE DIABETES CONSULT A HEALTH CARE PRACTITIONER IF SYMPTOMS PERSIST OR WORSEN. CONSULT A HEALTH CARE PRACTITIONER PRIOR TO USE IF YOU HAVE A LIVER DISORDER OR DEVELOP SYMPTOMS OF LIVER TROUBLE. CONSULT A HEALTH CARE PRACTITIONER PRIOR TO USE IF YOU HAVE AN IRON DEFICIENCY. CONTRA-INDICATIONS: DO NOT USE IF YOU ARE PREGNANT OR BREASTFEEDING. DO NOT USE IF YOU ARE ALLERGIC TO PLANTS OF THE ASTERACEAE/ COMPOSITAE/ DAISY FAMILY. KNOWN ADVERSE REACTIONS: HYPERSENSITIVITY/ ALLERGY IS KNOWN TO OCCUR, IN WHICH CASE DISCONTINUE USE. BURDOCK BARNES J, ANDERSON LA, PHILIPSON JD. 2007. HERBAL MEDICINES, 3RD EDITION. LONDON (GB): PHARMACEUTICAL PRESS. BERARDI RR, DESIMONE EM, NEWTON GD, OSZKO MA, POPOVICH NG, ROLLINS CJ, SHIMP LA, TIETZE KJ, EDITORS. HANDBOOK OF NONPRESCRIPTION DRUGS: AN INTERACTIVE APPROACH TO SELF-CARE, 13TH EDITION. WASHINGTON (DC): AMERICAN PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOCIATION; 2002. BHP 1983: BRITISH HERBAL PHARMACOPOEIA. COWLING (GB): BRITISH HERBAL MEDICAL ASSOCIATION; 1983. BHP 1996: BRITISH HERBAL PHARMACOPOEIA. BOURNEMOUTH (UK): BRITISH HERBAL MEDICAL ASSOCIATION; 1996. BRADLEY PR, EDITOR. 1992. BRITISH HERBAL COMPENDIUM: A HANDBOOK OF SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION ON WIDELY USED PLANT DRUGS, VOLUME 1. BOURNEMOUTH (GB): BRITISH HERBAL MEDICINE ASSOCIATION. BRINKER F. 2001. HERB CONTRAINDICATIONS AND DRUG INTERACTIONS, 3RD EDITION. SANDY (OR): ECLECTIC MEDICAL PUBLICATIONS. BRINKER F. ONLINE UPDATES AND ADDITIONS TO HERB CONTRAINDICATIONS AND DRUG INTERACTIONS, 3RD EDITION. SANDY (OR): ECLECTIC MEDICAL PUBLICATIONS; 2007. AVAILABLE FROM: HTTP://WWW.ECLECTICHERB.COM/EMP/UPDATESHCDI.HTML CPA 2002: CANADIAN PHARMACISTS ASSOCIATION. PATIENT SELF-CARE. HELPING PATIENTS MAKE THERAPEUTIC CHOICES. OTTAWA (ON): CANADIAN PHARMACISTS ASSOCIATION; 2002. CALENDULA BLUMENTHAL M, GOLDBERG A, BRINCKMANN J, EDITORS. HERBAL MEDICINE: EXPANDED COMMISSION E MONOGRAPHS. BOSTON (MA): INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE COMMUNICATIONS; 2000. BOVE M. AN ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NATURAL HEALING FOR CHILDREN AND INFANTS. NEW CANAAN (CT): KEATS PUBLISHING, INCORPORATED; 1996 BRADLEY PR, EDITOR. BRITISH HERBAL COMPENDIUM: A HANDBOOK OF SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION ON WIDELY USED PLANT DRUGS, VOLUME 2. BOURNEMOUTH (UK): BRITISH HERBAL MEDICINE ASSOCIATION; 2006. BRINKER F. 2001. HERB CONTRAINDICATIONS AND DRUG INTERACTIONS, 3RD EDITION. SANDY (OR): ECLECTIC MEDICAL PUBLICATIONS. BRINKER F. ONLINE UPDATES AND ADDITIONS TO HERB CONTRAINDICATIONS AND DRUG INTERACTIONS, 3RD EDITION. SANDY (OR): ECLECTIC MEDICAL PUBLICATIONS; 2007. AVAILABLE FROM: HTTP://WWW.ECLECTICHERB.COM/EMP/UPDATESHCDI.HTML ELLINGWOOD F. 1983. AMERICAN MATERIA MEDICA, THERAPEUTICS AND PHARMACOGNOSY. SANDY (OR): ECLECTIC MEDICAL PUBLICATIONS [REPRINT OF 1919 ORIGINAL]. ESCOP 2003: ESCOP MONOGRAPHS: THE SCIENTIFIC FOUNDATION FOR HERBAL MEDICINAL PRODUCTS, 2ND EDITION. EXETER (UK): EUROPEAN SCIENTIFIC COOPERATIVE ON PHYTOTHERAPY AND THIEME; 2003. FELTER HW, LLOYD JU. KING'S AMERICAN DISPENSATORY, VOLUME 1, 18TH EDITION. SANDY (OR): ECLECTIC MEDICAL PUBLICATIONS; 1983 [REPRINT OF 1898 ORIGINAL]. HOFFMANN D. 2003. MEDICAL HERBALISM: THE SCIENCE AND PRACTICE OF HERBAL MEDICINE. ROCHESTER (VT): HEALING ARTS PRESS. FENUGREEK AL-HABORI M, RAMAN A. 1998. ANTI-DIABETIC AND HYPOCHOLESTEROLAEMIC EFFECTS OF FENUGREEK. PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH 12(4):233-242. API 2001: THE AYURVEDIC PHARMACOPOEIA OF INDIA, 1ST EDITION, PART I, VOLUME I. DELHI (IN): GOVERNMENT OF INDIA, MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE, DEPARTMENT OF INDIAN SYSTEMS OF MEDICINE & HOMOEOPATHY. BLUMENTHAL M, GOLDBERG A, BRINCKMANN J, EDITORS. HERBAL MEDICINE: EXPANDED COMMISSION E MONOGRAPHS. BOSTON (MA): INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE COMMUNICATIONS; 2000. BP 2008: BRITISH PHARMACOPOEIA, VOLUME 1. LONDRON (UK): BRITISH PHARMACOPOEIA COMMISSION. THE STATIONARY OFFICE. BRADLEY PR, EDITOR. 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GREEN COFFEE BEAN EXTRACT CASTELLUCCIO C, PAGANGA G, MELIKIAN N, BOLWELL GP, PRIDHAM J, SAMPSON J, RICE-EVANS C. ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF INTERMEDIATES IN PHENYLPROPANOID METABOLISM IN HIGHER PLANTS. FEBS LETTERS 1995;368(1):188-192. DELLALIBERA O, LEMAIRE B AND LAFAY S. SVETOL�, GREEN COFFEE EXTRACT, INDUCES WEIGHT LOSS AND INCREASES LEAN TO FAT RATIO IN VOLUNTEERS WITH OVERWEIGHT PROBLEMS. PHYTOTHERAPIE 2006;4(4):194�197. KOZUMA K, TSUCHIYA S, KOHORI J, HASE T AND TOKIMITSU I. ANTIHYPERTENSIVE EFFECT OF GREEN COFFEE BEAN EXTRACT ON MILDLY HYPERTENSIVE SUBJECTS. HYPERTENSION RESEARCH: OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE SOCIETY OF HYPERTENSION 2005;28(8):711-718. MUBARAK A, BONDONNO CP, LIU AH, CONSIDINE MJ, RICH L, MAS E, CROFT KD, HODGSON JM. ACUTE EFFECTS OF CHLOROGENIC ACID ON NITRIC OXIDE STATUS, ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION, AND BLOOD PRESSURE IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS: A RANDOMIZED TRIAL. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012;60:9130-9136. THOM E. THE EFFECT OF CHLOROGENIC ACID ENRICHED COFFEE ON GLUCOSE ABSORPTION IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS AND ITS EFFECT ON BODY MASS WHEN USED LONG-TERM IN OVERWEIGHT AND OBESE PEOPLE. THE JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL RESEARCH 2007;35(6):900-908. USDA 2013: UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE, NATIONAL GENETIC RESOURCES PROGRAM. GERMPLASM RESOURCES INFORMATION NETWORK (GRIN). [INTERNET]. NATIONAL GERMPLASM RESOURCES LABORATORY, BELTSVILLE (MD). [COFFEA ARABICA L. LAST UPDATED 2013 JANUARY 27] AND [COFFEA CANEPHORA PIERRE EX A. FROEHNER. LAST UPDATED 2013 JANUARY 27]. WATANABE T, ARAI Y, MITSUI Y, KUSAURA T, OKAWA W, KAJIHARA Y, SAITO I. THE BLOOD PRESSURE-LOWERING EFFECT AND SAFETY OF CHLOROGENIC ACID FROM GREEN COFFEE BEAN EXTRACT IN ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION. CLINICAL AND EXPERIEMNTAL HYPERTENSION 2006;28(5):439-449. GREEN TEA CAMARGO AE, DAGUER DA, BARBOSA DS. GREEN TEA EXERTS ANTIOXIDANT ACTION IN VITRO AND ITS CONSUMPTION INCREASES TOTAL SERUM ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL IN NORMAL AND DYSLIPIDEMIC SUBJECTS. NUTRITION RESEARCH 2006;26:626-631. CHANTRE P, LAIRON D. RECENT FINDINGS OF GREEN TEA EXTRACT AR25 (EXOLISE) AND ITS ACTIVITY FOR THE TREATMENT OF OBESITY. PHYTOMEDICINE 2002;9(1):3-8. COIMBRA S, CASTRO E, ROCHA-PEREIRA P, REBELO I, ROCHA S, SANTOS-SILVA A. THE EFFECT OF GREEN TEA IN OXIDATIVE STRESS. CLINICAL NUTRITION 2006;25(5):790-796. COOPER MJ, COCKELL KA, L'ABBE MR. THE IRON STATUS OF CANADIAN ADOLESCENTS AND ADULTS: CURRENT KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF DIETETIC PRACTICE AND RESEARCH 2006;67(3):130-138. DULLOO AG, DURET C, ROHRER D, GIRARDIER L, MENSI N, FATHI M, CHANTRE P, VANDERMANDER J. EFFICACY OF A GREEN TEA EXTRACT RICH IN CATECHIN POLYPHENOLS AND CAFFEINE IN INCREASING 24-H ENERGY EXPENDITURE AND FAT OXIDATION IN HUMANS. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION 1999;70(6):1040-1045. This page is not intended to be a comprehensive review of the medicinal ingredient.